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Autonomous droop control PV inverters have improved voltage regulationcompared to the inverters without grid support functions, but more flexiblecontrol techniques will be required as the number of solar photovoltaic (PV)installations increases. This paper studies three inverter future deploymentscenarios with droop control inverters, non-exporting inverters, andcoordinated inverter control (CIC). The network operation and the interactionbetween various inverter control methods are studied by simulating inverteroperation on two low-voltage networks. Considering 30% PV penetration as thebase case, we demonstrate that coordinated inverters can mitigate overvoltagesand voltage fluctuations caused by the tripping of passive inverters in 85% ofPV location cases when at least as many coordinated as passive inverters aredeployed on the 114-node test feeder. However, this rate reduced to 37% withthe IEEE 906-node network demonstrating that the deployment of coordinatedinverter control may not be able to reverse passive inverter-related voltagedisturbances when the build-up of passive inverters has reached a certainthreshold.  The aggregated PV output from coordinated inverters can be also used toprovide grid support services. When the low-voltage networks operate close tothe upper voltage limits, the change in the power output from coordinatedinverters following a regulation request may be partially offset by passiveinverters. Considering an equal number of passive and coordinated inverters,this paper shows that for each unit of the down-regulation request delivered bycoordinated inverters, passive inverter output may increase by up to 0.2 unitsand decrease by up to 0.45 units during coordinated inverter up-regulation.

Interaction Between Coordinated and Droop Control PV Inverters