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Smart cities must integrate a number of interdependent cyber-physical systemsthat operate in a coordinated manner to improve the well-being of the city'sresidents. A cyber-physical system (CPS) is a system of computational elementscontrolling physical entities. Large-scale CPSs are more vulnerable to attacksdue to the cyber-physical interdependencies that can lead to cascading failureswhich can have a significant detrimental effect on a city. In this paper, anovel approach is proposed for analyzing the problem of allocating securityresources, such as firewalls and anti-malware, over the various cybercomponents of an interdependent CPS to protect the system against imminentattacks. The problem is formulated as a Colonel Blotto game in which theattacker seeks to allocate its resources to compromise the CPS, while thedefender chooses how to distribute its resources to defend against potentialattacks. To evaluate the effects of defense and attack, various CPS factors areconsidered including human-CPS interactions as well as physical and topologicalcharacteristics of a CPS such as flow and capacity of interconnections andminimum path algorithms. Results show that, for the case in which the attackeris not aware of the CPS interdependencies, the defender can have a higherpayoff, compared to the case in which the attacker has complete information.The results also show that, in the case of more symmetric nodes, due tointerdependencies, the defender achieves its highest payoff at the equilibriumcompared to the case with independent, asymmetric nodes.

A Colonel Blotto Game for Interdependence-Aware Cyber-Physical Systems Security in Smart Cities