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'Computer-Supported Cooperative Work' (CSCW) is a young, interdisciplinary research area considering applications with strong demands on multiple fields of computer technology, e.g., distributed systems and networks, or multi-media systems. In this paper, we will be focusing on the information-sharing aspect and the corresponding activity-control aspect. Employing database systems for the management of shared data means dealing with conventional transactions. Crucial issues of the classical transaction concept are the isolated execution and the underlying notion of consistency. Whereas consistency support is necessary for any multi-user application, strict isolation seems to contradict the cooperation issue (release of preliminary data). As a consequence, the transaction concept plays a key role due to consistency management, but cooperation control must be supported by additional facilities. Therefore, we exploit the classical transaction as the basic operational unit in the infrastructure we propose for cooperative applications. Transactions are well suited for the execution of the elementary actions into which the work of a cooperating user can be decomposed. Beside these elementary actions, further types of activities can be observed in cooperative work arrangements. In order to give a comprehensive activity support, our infrastructure provides several abstractional layers: classical transactions, version manipulations, tool invocations, workflow executions and explicit cooperation control actions. Multiple possibilities of interplay between these layers make this infrastructure feasible to different classes of cooperative applications.

An infrastructure for cooperative applications based on conventional database transactions