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Preliminary Remarks.—In the first part of this paper on the Silurian Rocks of the South of Scotland,* beginning at what has generally been considered the axial and lowest beds of the formation, I described the series up to the top of the Gala group of beds, and between the Gala and Moffat rocks. I gave what I considered good reasons for my opinion there stated, that the Gala or Caradoc series of beds were lying unconformably on the Moffat series. This opinion I first announced in Section C. at the British Association Meeting held at Edinburgh in 1871, and the abstract of the paper is published in the ‶British Association’s Proceedings″ for that year. The fact that a line of unconformability occurs between these formations is of the greatest consequence to any one studying the geology of this district. Hence, though my views met with very little sympathy either at the British Association Meeting, or from any geologist working out the problem of this formation, I held my opinion, and reiterated it in the first part of this paper, read before you last year. This being the case, you may judge my surprise when I read the following paragraph, which is inserted at page 5 in the Preface to ‶Explanation of Sheet 3,″ Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Scotland (Western Wigtownshire), and dated ‶Edinburgh, August 1873″:— ‶It is in some of those broader folds that certain detached outliers of Caradoc age occur. One of these has been described in

On the Silurian rocks of the south of Scotland: Part II. Llandovery rocks