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The origin of the antiferromagnetic order and puzzling properties of LaTiO_3as well as the magnetic phase diagram of the perovskite titanates are studiedtheoretically. We show that in LaTiO_3, the t_{2g} degeneracy is eventuallylifted by the La cations in the GdFeO_3-type structure, which generates acrystal field with nearly trigonal symmetry. This allows the description of thelow-energy structure of LaTiO_3 by a single-band Hubbard model as a goodstarting point. The lowest-orbital occupation in this crystal field stabilizesthe AFM(G) state, and well explains the spin-wave spectrum of LaTiO_3 obtainedby the neutron scattering experiment. The orbital-spin structures for RTiO_3with R=Pr, Nd and Sm are also accounted for by the same mechanism. We point outthat through generating the R crystal field, the GdFeO_3-type distortion has auniversal relevance in determining the orbital-spin structure of the perovskitecompounds in competition with the Jahn-Teller mechanism, which has beenoverlooked in the literature. Since the GdFeO_3-type distortion is a universalphenomenon as is seen in a large number of perovskite compounds, this mechanismmay also play important roles in other compounds of this type.Comment: 20 pages, 15 figure

journal of the physical society of japan

G-type Antiferromagnetism and Orbital Ordering due to the Crystal Field from the Rare-Earth Ions Induced by the GdFeO3-type Distortion inRTiO3WhereR=La, Pr, Nd and Sm