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Soliton-pair nucleation rates Gamma = A exp(-B) are studied in highly-biasedsine-Gordon systems with a local inhomogeneity for both a thermal activationregime and a quantum tunneling regime. It is found that the local inhomogeneitystrongly affects the nucleation rates by modifying the bias-dependence of theexponent B. This change in the exponent B is explained as a dimensionalcrossover caused by the local inhomogeneity. It is also shown that there isanother crossover, at which A becomes independent of the system size.Comment: 5 pages including 3 figures and 1 table, submitted to J. Phys. Soc.  Jp

Dimensional Crossover by a Local Inhomogeneity in Soliton-Pair Nucleation