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It is shown that the original Kirchhoff-loop-Johnson(-like)-noise (KLJN)cipher is naturally protected against the man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack, ifthe eavesdropper is using resistors and noise voltage generators just like thesender and the receiver. The eavesdropper can extract zero bit of informationbefore she is discovered. However, when the eavesdropper is using noise currentgenerators, though the cipher is protected, the eavesdropper may still be ableto extract one bit of information while she is discovered. For enhancedsecurity, we expand the KLJN cipher with the comparison of the instantaneousvoltages via the public channel. In this way, the sender and receiver has afull control over the security of measurable physical quantities in theKirchhoff-loop. We show that when the sender and receiver compare not onlytheir instantaneous current data but also their instantaneous voltage data thenthe zero-bit security holds even for the noise current generator case. We showthat the original KLJN scheme is also zero-bit protected against that type ofMITM attack when the eavesdropper uses voltage noise generators, only. Inconclusion, within the idealized model scheme, the man-in-the-middle-attackdoes not provide any advantage compared to the regular attack consideredearlier. The remaining possibility is the attack by a short, large currentpulse, which described in the original paper as the only efficient type ofregular attacks, and that yields the one bit security. In conclusion, the KLJNcipher is superior to known quantum communication schemes in every respect,including speed, robustness, maintenance need, price and its natural immunityagainst the man-in-the-middle attack.Comment: Publishe

PROTECTION AGAINST THE MAN-IN-THE-MIDDLE-ATTACK FOR THE KIRCHHOFF-LOOP-JOHNSON(-LIKE)-NOISE CIPHER AND EXPANSION BY VOLTAGE-BASED SECURITY