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The effect of the absorbing sites with an absorbing rate $\beta_{0}$, in bothone absorbing site (one way out) and two absorbing sites (two ways out) in aroad, on the traffic flow phase transition is investigated using numericalsimulations in the one-dimensional cellular automaton traffic flow model withopen boundaries using parallel dynamics.In the case of one way out, there exista critical position of the way out $ i_{c1}$ below which the current isconstant for $\beta_{0}$$<$$\beta_{0c2}$ and decreases when increasing$\beta_{0}$ for $\beta_{0}$$>$$\beta_{0c2}$. When the way out is located at aposition greater than $ i_{c2}$, the current increases with $\beta_{0}$ for$\beta_{0}$$<$$\beta_{0c1}$ and becomes constant for any value of $\beta_{0}$greater than $\beta_{0c1}$. While, when the way out is located at any positionbetween $ i_{c1}$ and $ i_{c2}$ ($ i_{c1}$$<$$ i_{c2}$), the current increases,for $\beta_{0}$$<$$\beta_{0c1}$, with $\beta_{0}$ and becomes constant for$\beta_{0c1}$$<$$\beta_{0}$$<$$\beta_{0c2}$ and decreases with $\beta_{0}$ for$\beta_{0}$$>$$\beta_{0c2}$. In the later case the density undergoes twosuccessive first order transitions; from high density to maximal current phaseat $\beta_{0}$$=$$\beta_{0c1}$ and from intermediate density to the low one at$\beta_{0}$$=$$\beta_{0c2}$. In the case of two ways out located respectivelyat the positions $ i_{1}$ and $ i_{2}$, the two successive transitions occuronly when the distance $i_{2}$-$i_{1}$ separating the two ways is smaller thana critical distance $d_{c}$. Phase diagrams in the ($\alpha,\beta_{0}$),($\beta,\beta_{0}$) and ($i_{1},\beta_{0}$) planes are established. It is foundthat the transitions between Free traffic, Congested traffic and maximalcurrent phase are first order

THE EFFECT OF OFF-RAMP ON THE ONE-DIMENSIONAL CELLULAR AUTOMATON TRAFFIC FLOW WITH OPEN BOUNDARIES