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We use a new approach to study string scale gauge coupling unificationsystematically, allowing both the possibility of non-canonical U(1)_Ynormalization and the existence of vector-like particles whose quantum numbersare the same as those of the Standard Model (SM) fermions and their Hermitianconjugates and the SM adjoint particles. We first give all the independent sets(Yi) of particles that can be employed to achieve SU(3)_C and SU(2)_L stringscale gauge coupling unification and calculate their masses. Second, for anon-canonical U(1)_Y normalization, we obtain string scale SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L xU(1)_Y gauge coupling unification by choosing suitable U(1)_Y normalizationsfor each of the Yi sets. Alternatively, for the canonical U(1)_Y normalization,we achieve string scale gauge coupling unification by considering suitablecombinations of the Yi sets or by introducing additional independent sets (Zi),that do not affect the SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L unification at tree level, and thenchoosing suitable combinations, one from the Yi sets and one from the Zi sets.We also briefly discuss string scale gauge coupling unification in models withhigher Kac-Moody levels for SU(2)_L or SU(3)_C.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figure

STRING SCALE GAUGE COUPLING UNIFICATION WITH VECTOR-LIKE EXOTICS AND NONCANONICAL U(1)Y NORMALIZATION

STRING SCALE GAUGE COUPLING UNIFICATION WITH VECTOR-LIKE EXOTICS AND NONCANONICAL U(1)_Y NORMALIZATION