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The standard electroweak model with Dirac neutrinos is extended by way of theprinciples of electroweak quark-lepton symmetry and weak topological-chargeconfinement to account for quark-lepton charge relations which, if notaccidental, are indicative of charge structures. A mixing in quarks and leptonsof underlying integer local charges with integer weak topological chargesassociated with an additive group Z_3, fixed by the anomaly cancellationrequirement, is discussed. It is found that the electroweak difference betweentopological quarks and leptons is the nonequivalence between the topologicalvacua of their weak field configurations, produced by a four-instanton whichcarries the topological charge, induces the universal fractional piece ofcharge distinguishing quarks from leptons, and breaks the underlying symmetry.The constituent quarks of the standard model appear as coming from topologicalquarks, via the weak four-instanton event. Dual transitions occur for leptons.It is shown that several other fundamental problems left open in the standardelectroweak model with Dirac neutrinos are solved: the one-to-onecorrespondence between quark and lepton flavors, the existence of threegenerations, the conservation and ungauging of B-L, the electric chargequantization, and the confinement of fractional electric charges.

Electroweak quark-lepton symmetry and weak topological-charge confinement in the Standard Model with Dirac neutrinos