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Discrete element modelling (DEM) is one of the most efficient computationalapproaches to the fracture processes of heterogeneous materials on mesoscopicscales. From the dynamics of single crack propagation through the statistics ofcrack ensembles to the rapid fragmentation of materials DEM had a substantialcontribution to our understanding over the past decades. Recently, thecombination of DEM with other simulation techniques like Finite ElementModelling further extended the field of applicability. In this paper we brieflyreview the motivations and basic idea behind the DEM approach to cohesiveparticulate matter and then we give an overview of on-going developments andapplications of the method focusing on two fields where recent success has beenachieved. We discuss current challenges of this rapidly evolving field andoutline possible future perspectives and debates.

the european physical journal. special topics

From fracture to fragmentation: discrete element modeling -- Complexity  of crackling noise and fragmentation phenomena revealed by discrete element  simulations