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In this paper, a multi-lane multi-population microscopic model, whichpresents stop and go waves, is proposed to simulate traffic on a ring-road.Vehicles are divided between human-driven and autonomous vehicles (AV). Controlstrategies are designed with the ultimate goal of using a small number of AVs(less than 5\% penetration rate) to represent Lagrangian control actuators thatcan smooth the multilane traffic flow and dissipate the stop-and-go waves. Thisin turn may reduce fuel consumption and emissions.  The lane-changing mechanism is based on three components that we treat asparameters in the model: safety, incentive and cool-down time. The choice ofthese parameters in the lane-change mechanism is critical to modeling trafficaccurately, because different parameter values can lead to drasticallydifferent traffic behaviors. In particular, the number of lane-changes and thespeed variance are highly affected by the choice of parameters. Despite thismodeling issue, when using sufficiently simple and robust controllers for AVs,the stabilization of uniform flow steady-state is effective for any realisticvalue of the parameters, and ultimately bypasses the observed modeling issue.Our approach is based on accurate and rigorous mathematical models, whichallows a limit procedure that is termed, in gas dynamic terminology,mean-field. In simple words, from increasing the human-driven population toinfinity, a system of coupled ordinary and partial differential equations areobtained. Moreover, control problems also pass to the limit, allowing thedesign to be tackled at different scales.

A rigorous multi-population multi-lane hybrid traffic model and its mean-field limit for dissipation of waves via autonomous vehicles