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A chronicle describing the historical context and the development of ideasand experiments leading to the discovery of the back-bending phenomenon inrapidly rotating atomic nuclei some 50 years ago is presented. The moment ofinertia of some atomic nuclei increases anomalously at a certain rotationalfrequency, revealing important clues to our understanding of nuclear structure.I highlight the decisive interactions and contacts between experimentalists andtheorists, which created the right environment, allowing for the revelation ofan undetected phenomenon in Nature. Finally, I reflect on the key pointsallowing for the discovery and particularly point to the importance ofsystematic surveys, which in this case investigated the energy levels in heavynuclei of a large sample of elements, as well as to the accuracy of themeasurements of the ground state levels made at the time.

Chronicle of the discovery of the back-bending phenomenon in atomic nuclei: a personal recollection 50 years on