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It is commonly admitted that in liquids the thermal diffusion and Dufourcoefficients $D_{T}$\ and $D_{F}$ satisfy Onsager's reciprocity. From theirrelation to the cross-coefficients of the phenomenological equations, we areled to the conclusion that this is not the case in general. As illustrative andphysically relevant examples, we discuss micellar solutions and colloidalsuspensions, where $D_{T}$ arises from chemical reactions or viscous effectsbut is not related to the Dufour coefficient $D_{F}$. The situation is lessclear for binary molecular mixtures; available experimental and simulation datado not settle the question whether $D_{T}$\ and $D_{F}$ are reciprocalcoefficients.

Do thermal diffusion and Dufour coefficients satisfy Onsager's reciprocity relation?