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How diverse are sharing economy platforms? Are they fair marketplaces, whereall participants operate on a level playing field, or are they large-scaleonline aggregators of offline human biases? Often portrayed as easy-to-accessdigital spaces whose participants receive equal opportunities, such platformshave recently come under fire due to reports of discriminatory behaviours amongtheir users, and have been associated with gentrification phenomena thatexacerbate preexisting inequalities along racial lines. In this paper, we focuson the Airbnb sharing economy platform, and analyse the diversity of its userbase across five large cities. We find it to be predominantly young, female,and white. Notably, we find this to be true even in cities with a diverseracial composition. We then introduce a method based on the statisticalanalysis of networks to quantify behaviours of homophily, heterophily andavoidance between Airbnb hosts and guests. Depending on cities and propertytypes, we do find signals of such behaviours relating both to race and gender.We use these findings to provide platform design recommendations, aimed atexposing and possibly reducing the biases we detect, in support of a moreinclusive growth of sharing economy platforms.

Offline Biases in Online Platforms: a Study of Diversity and Homophily in Airbnb