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We study the way that chromatic dispersion affects the visibility and thesynchronization on Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols in a widely-usedsetup based on the use of two fiber-based Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometers attransmitter/receiver stations. We identify the necessary conditions for thepath length difference between the two arms of the interferometers forachieving the desired visibility given the transmission distance -- where theform of the detector's window can be considered. We also associate the abovelimitations with the maximum detection rate that can be recorded in our setup,including the quantum non-linearity phenomenon, and to the maximum time windowof the detector's gate. Exploiting our results we provide two methods,depending on the clock rate of the setup, to perform chromatic dispersioncompensation techniques to the signal for keeping the correct order of thetransmitted symbols. At the end, we apply our theoretical outcomes in a morerealistic QKD deployment, considering the case of phase-encoding BB84 QKDprotocol, which is widely used. Our proposed methods, depending on thetransmission distance and on the photon emission rate at transmitter station,can be easily generalized to every fiber-optic QKD protocol, for which thediscrimination of each symbol is crucial.

the european physical journal. d, atomic, molecular and optical physics/the european physical journal. d, atomic, molecular, optical and plasma physics

Studies on the readability and on the detection rate in a Mach-Zehnder  interferometer-based implementation for high-rate, long-distance QKD  protocols