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High-order harmonic generation (HHG) is combined with resonant x-rayexcitation of a core electron into the transient valence vacancy that iscreated in the course of the HHG process. To describe this setting, I develop atwo-active-electron quantum theory for a single atom assuming no Coulombinteraction among the electrons; one electron performs a typical HHG three-stepprocess whereas another electron is excited (or even Rabi flops) by intense xrays from the core shell into the valence hole after the first electron hasleft the atom. Depending on the amplitude to find a vacancy in the valence andthe core, the returning continuum electron recombines with the valence and thecore, respectively, emitting high-order harmonic (HH) radiation that ischaracteristic of the combined process. After presenting the theory of x-rayboosted HHG for continuous-wave light fields, I develop a description for x-raypulses with a time-varying amplitude and phase. My prediction offers novelprospects for nonlinear x-ray physics, attosecond x rays, and HHG-basedtime-dependent chemical imaging involving core orbitals.

the european physical journal. d, atomic, molecular and optical physics/the european physical journal. d, atomic, molecular, optical and plasma physics

High-order harmonic generation with resonant core excitation by ultraintense x rays