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.   In muonic atoms the Uehling potential (an effect of a free electronic vacuum polarization loop) is responsible for the leading contribution to the Lamb shift causing the splitting of states with Δn=0 and Δl≠0. Here we consider the Lamb shift in the leading nonrelativistic approximation, i.e., within an approach based on a certain Schrdinger equation. That is valid for low and medium Z as long as (Zα)2≪1. The result is a function of a few parameters, including κ=Zαmμ/me, n and l. We present various asymptotics and in particular we study a region of validity of asymptotics with large and small κ. Special attention is paid to circular states, which are considered in a limit of n≫1.

the european physical journal. d, atomic, molecular and optical physics/the european physical journal. d, atomic, molecular, optical and plasma physics

Vacuum polarization in muonic atoms: the Lamb shift at low and medium Z