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Using a field-theoretic approach, we derive the first few coefficients of theexact low-density (``virial'') expansion of a binary mixture of positively andnegatively charged hard spheres (two-component hard-core plasma, TCPHC). Ourcalculations are nonperturbative with respect to the diameters $d_+$ and $d_-$and charge valences $q_+$ and $q_-$ of positive and negative ions.Consequently, our closed-form expressions for the coefficients of the freeenergy and activity can be used to treat dilute salt solutions, where typically$d_+ \sim d_-$ and $q_+ \sim q_-$, as well as colloidal suspensions, where thedifference in size and valence between macroions and counterions can be verylarge. We show how to map the TCPHC on a one-component hard-core plasma (OCPHC)in the colloidal limit of large size and valence ratio, in which case thecounterions effectively form a neutralizing background. A sizable discrepancywith the standard OCPHC with uniform, rigid background is detected, which canbe traced back to the fact that the counterions cannot penetrate the colloids.For the case of electrolyte solutions, we show how to obtain the cationic andanionic radii as independent parameters from experimental data for the activitycoefficient.Comment: 15 page

the european physical journal. d, atomic, molecular and optical physics/the european physical journal. d, atomic, molecular, optical and plasma physics

Virial expansion for charged colloids and electrolytes