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Proportional electroluminescence (EL) in noble gases is a physical processroutinely used in two-phase (liquid-gas) detectors for low-energyastroparticle-physics experiments. In this work, the time properties ofvisible-light EL in two-phase argon detectors have been systematically studiedfor the first time. In particular, two unusual slow components in the ELsignal, with their contributions and time constants increasing with electricfield, were observed. This puzzling property is not expected in any of theknown mechanisms of photon and electron emission in two-phase media. Timeconstants of these components is about 4-5 $\mu$s and 50 $\mu$s. In addition, aspecific threshold behavior of the slow components was revealed: they emergedat a threshold in reduced electric field of 4.8 $\pm$ 0.2 Td regardless of thegas phase density, which is about 1 Td above the onset of standard (excimer)EL. There is a conspicuous similarity between this threshold and reduced fieldthreshold of EL in NIR occurring via higher atomic excited statesAr$^{*}(3p^{5}4p)$. An unexpected temperature dependence of slow components wasalso observed: their contribution decreased with temperature, practicallydisappearing at room temperature. We show that the puzzling properties of slowcomponents can be explained in the framework of hypothesis that these areproduced in the charge signal itself due to trapping of drifting electrons onmetastable negative argon ions.

Puzzling time properties of proportional electroluminescence in two-phase argon detectors for dark matter searches