English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

In this paper, we studied the evolutions of the innermost stable circularorbits (ISCOs) in dynamical spacetimes. At first, we reviewed the method toobtain the ISCO in Schwarzschild spacetime by varying its conserved orbitalangular momentum. Then, we demonstrated this method is equivalent to theeffective potential method in general static and stationary spacetimes. Unlikethe effective potential method, which depends on the presence of the conservedorbital energy, this method requires the existence of conserved orbital angularmomentum in spacetime. So it can be easily generalized to the dynamicalspacetimes where there exists conserved orbital angular momentum. From thisgeneralization, we studied the evolutions of the ISCOs in Vaidya spacetime,Vaidya-AdS spacetime and the slow rotation limit of Kerr-Vaidya spacetime. Theresults given by these examples are all reasonable and can be compared with theevolutions of the photon spheres in dynamical spacetime

The evolutions of the innermost stable circular orbits in dynamical spacetimes