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The NA61/SHINE collaboration studies at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron(SPS) the onset of deconfinement in hadronic matter by the measurement ofparticle production in collisions of nuclei with various sizes at a set ofenergies covering the SPS energy range. This paper presents results oninclusive double-differential spectra and mean multiplicities of $\pi^{-}$mesons produced in the 5\% most \textit{central} $^7$Be+$^9$Be collisions atbeam momenta of 19$A$, 30$A$, 40$A$, 75$A$ and 150$A$ GeV/$c$ obtained by theso-called $h^-$ method which does not require any particle identification.  The shape of the transverse mass spectra differs from the shapes measured incentral Pb+Pb collisions and inelastic p+p interactions. The normalized widthof the rapidity distribution decreases with increasing collision energy and isin between the results for inelastic nucleon-nucleon and central Pb+Pbcollisions. The mean multiplicity of pions per wounded nucleon in\textit{central} $^7$Be+$^9$Be collisions is close to that in central Pb+Pbcollisions up to 75$A$GeV/$c$. However, at the top SPS energy the result isclose to the one for inelastic nucleon-nucleon interactions.  The results are discussed in the context of predictions for the onset ofdeconfinement at the CERN SPS collision energies.

european physical journal. c, particles and fields

Measurements of $\pi^-$ production in $^7$Be+$^9$Be collisions at beam  momenta from 19$A$ to 150$A$GeV/$c$ in the NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN  SPS