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We discuss the concept of local thermodynamical equilibrium in relativistichydrodynamics in flat spacetime in a quantum statistical framework without anunderlying kinetic description, suitable for strongly interacting fluids. Weshow that the appropriate definition of local equilibrium naturally leads tothe introduction of a relativistic hydrodynamical frame in which thefour-velocity vector is the one of a relativistic thermometer at equilibriumwith the fluid, parallel to the inverse temperature four-vector \beta, whichthen becomes a primary quantity. We show that this frame is the mostappropriate for the expansion of stress-energy tensor from localthermodynamical equilibrium and that therein the local laws of thermodynamicstake on their simplest form. We discuss the difference between the \beta frameand Landau frame and present an instance where they differ.

Local thermodynamical equilibrium and the beta frame for a quantum relativistic fluid