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Interacting field theories for systems with a free surface frequently exhibitdistinct universality classes of boundary critical behaviors depending on grosssurface properties. The boundary condition satisfied by the continuum fieldtheory on some scale may or may not be decisive for the universality class thatapplies. In many recent papers on boundary field theories it is taken forgranted that Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions decide whether theordinary or special boundary universality class is observed. While true in acertain sense for the Dirichlet boundary condition, this is not the case forthe Neumann boundary condition. Building on results that have been worked outin the 1980s, but have not always been appropriately appreciated in theliterature, the subtle role of boundary conditions and their scale dependenceis elucidated and the question of whether or not they determine the observedboundary universality class is discussed.

Why boundary conditions do not generally determine the universality class for boundary critical behavior