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The yearly aggregated tax income data of all, more than 8000, Italianmunicipalities are analyzed for a period of five years, from 2007 to 2011, tosearch for conformity or not with Benford's law, a counter-intuitive phenomenonobserved in large tabulated data where the occurrence of numbers having smallerinitial digits is more favored than those with larger digits. This is done inanticipation that large deviations from Benford's law will be found in view oftax evasion supposedly being widespread across Italy. Contrary to expectations,we show that the overall tax income data for all these years is in excellentagreement with Benford's law. Furthermore, we also analyze the data ofCalabria, Campania and Sicily, the three Italian regions known for strongpresence of mafia, to see if there are any marked deviations from Benford'slaw. Again, we find that all yearly data sets for Calabria and Sicily agreewith Benford's law whereas only the 2007 and 2008 yearly data show departuresfrom the law for Campania. These results are again surprising in view ofunderground and illegal nature of economic activities of mafia whichsignificantly contribute to tax evasion. Some hypothesis for the foundconformity is presented.

Benford's law predicted digit distribution of aggregated income taxes: the surprising conformity of Italian cities and regions