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Isothermal compressibility ($\kappa_{\rm T}$) is an important thermodynamicobservable which gives information about the deviation of a system from perfectfluid behavior. In this work, for the first time we have estimated theisothermal compressibility of QCD matter formed in high energy hadronic andnuclear collisions using color string percolation model (CSPM), where weinvestigate the change in $\kappa_{\rm T}$ as a function of final state chargedparticle multiplicity and initial percolation temperature across variouscollision species. The estimated initial percolation temperature for differentcollision systems at different collision energies helps us to have a betterunderstanding of the system at the initial phase of evolution. The comparisonof the CSPM results for isothermal compressibility with that for the well knownfluids, indicates that the matter formed in heavy-ion collisions might be the{\it closest perfect fluid} found in nature. This estimation complements thewell-known observation of minimum shear viscosity to entropy density ratio fora possible QGP medium created in heavy-ion collision experiments. A thresholdof pseudorapidity density of charged particles, $\langle dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta\rangle \geq 20 $ in the final state event multiplicity is observed, afterwhich one may look for a possible QGP formation at the LHC energies.

european physical journal. a, hadrons and nuclei

Possible Formation of a Perfect Fluid in $pp$, $p$-Pb, Xe-Xe and Pb-Pb  Collisions at the Large Hadron Collider Energies: A Color String Percolation  Approach