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The invariant mass method is used to identify the $^8$Be and $^9$B nuclei andHoyle state formed in dissociation of relativistic nuclei in a nuclear trackemulsion. It is shown that to identify these extremely short-lived states inthe case of the isotopes $^9$Be, $^{10}$B, $^{10}$C, $^{11}$C, $^{12}$C, and$^{16}$O, it is sufficient to determine the invariant mass as a function of theangles in pairs and triples of He and H fragments in the approximation of theconservation of momentum per nucleon of the parent nucleus. According to thecriteria established in this way, the contribution of these three unstablestates was evaluated in the relativistic fragmentation of the $^{28}$Si and$^{197}$Au nuclei.

Unstable states in dissociation of relativistic nuclei. Recent findings and prospects of researches