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Different methods to extract the temperature and density in heavy ioncollisions are compared using a statistical model tailored to reproduce manyexperimental features at low excitation energy. The model assumes a sequentialdecay of an excited nucleus and a Fermi gas entropy. We first generatestatistical events as function of excitation energy but stopping the decaychain at the first step. In such a condition the 'exact' model temperature isdetermined from the Fermi gas relation to the excitation energy. From theseevents, using quantum and classical fluctuation methods for protons andneutrons, we derive temperature and density (quantum case only) of the systemunder consideration. Additionally, the same quantities are also extracted usingthe double ratio method for different particle combinations. A very goodagreement between the "exact" temperatures and quantum fluctuation temperaturesis obtained, the role of the density is discussed. Classical methods give areasonable estimate of the temperature when the density is very low asexpected. The effects of secondary decays of the excited fragments arediscussed as well.

Density and Temperature in Heavy Ion Collisions: A Test of Classical and Quantum Approaches