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Resolution of the genetic heterogeneity of closely related insect species depends on the selection of reliable genetic markers derived from representative specimens. We report the results of a survey of genetic variability in nine species of black flies in the subgenus Psilopelmia Enderlein. Three regions of the mitochondrial genome and an amplicon including the internal transcribed spacer 1 of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene cluster (ITS1) were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the amplicons were examined for intraspecific and interspecific polymorphisms. Six of the seven Psilopelmia species that yielded PCR products in the ITS1 PCR reaction were found to generate products that were indistinguishable on the basis of size. Similarly, little interspecific variation was noted in the 16S rRNA amplicon among nine species of Psilopelmia assayed by heteroduplex analysis. In contrast, the remaining regions of the mitochondrial genome exhibited both intra- and inter-specific variation when analyzed by heteroduplex analysis. Information collected from the five amplicons could be employed to develop a classification scheme capable of distinguishing the nine species of Psilopelmia examined. Resume : La rOsolution de lihOtOrogOnOitO gOnOtique diespces trs apparentOes diinsectes dOpend de la sOlection de marqueurs gOnOtiques fiables obtenus ‡ partir de spOcimens reprOsentatifs. Cette Otude rapporte les rOsultats diun sondage de la variabilitO gOnOtique de neuf espces de mouches noires appartenant au sous-genre Psilopelmia Enderlein. Trois rOgions du gOnome mitochondrial, ainsi quiun amplicon incluant liespaceur interne transcrit 1 de liARN ribosomal nuclOaire (ITS1), ont OtO amplifiOs par rOaction de polymOrisation en chaOne (PCR) et les amplicons ainsi obtenus ont OtO analysOs afin diidentifier les polymorphismes intraspOcifique et interspOcifique. Six des sept espces de Psilopelmia ont gOnOrO des produits de PCR dans la rOaction diamplification de liITS1; ces produits ne comportaient aucune diffOrence de taille. De plus, lianalyse par hOtOroduplex nia rOvOlO quiune faible variation interspOcifique dans liamplicon de liARNr 16S parmi les neuf espces de Psilopelmia. En revanche, les autres rOgions ‡ liOtude dans le gOnome mitochondrial ont dOmontrO de la variation autant au niveau intraspOcifique quiau niveau interspOcifique lors de lianalyse par hOtOroduplex. Liinformation amassOe gr‚ce ‡ ces cinq amplicons pourrait Œtre employOe pour dOvelopper un schme de classification capable de diffOrencier les neuf espces de Psilopelmia ‡ liOtude. (Traduit par la ROdaction)

Genetic variation in North American black flies in the subgenus Psilopelmia (Simulium: Diptera: Simuliidae)