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A system of vertical drains, with surcharge load to accelerate consolidation by shortening the drainage path, is one of the most popular methods of soft ground improvement. The conventional radial consolidation theory (including smear and well resistance) has been commonly used to predict the behaviour of vertical drains in soft clay. Its mathematical formulation is based on the small strain theory; and for a given stress range, a constant volume compressibility (mv) and a constant coefficient of horizontal permeability (kh) are assumed. However, the value of mv varies along the consolidation curve over a wide range of applied pressure (Δp). In the same manner, kh also changes with the void ratio (e). In this paper, the writers have replaced mv with the compressibility indices (Cc and Cr), which define the slopes of the e  log σ′ relationship. Moreover, the variation of the horizontal permeability coefficient (kh) with the void ratio (e) during consolidation is represented by the e  log kh relationship ...

Radial consolidation of clay using compressibility indices and varying horizontal permeability