English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Open

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Insights

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Genes that promote sexual conflict, such as those with a sex-limited fitness benefit, are expected to accumulate differentially on sex chromosomes relative to autosomes. Few tests of this hypothesis exist for male homogametic (ZZ) taxa, however, and most use RNA expression data to identify such genes. Here, we employ a different identification method by using proteomic analysis of sperm cells to identify genes with a sex-limited benefit. We tested for a bias in genomic location of sperm protein genes in two species of Lepidoptera. An excess of sperm protein genes was identified on the Z chromosomes of both the Carolina sphinx moth (Manduca sexta) and the monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus). Taking into consideration a Z-autosome fusion in monarchs, we discover that the ancestrally sex-linked portion of the genome is the source of this enrichment, while the newly sex-linked portion still appears similar to autosomes in relative abundance of sperm protein genes. Together, these results point to an enrichment of male-beneficial genes on the Z chromosome and demonstrate the usefulness of proteomic datasets in sexual conflict research.

The Z chromosome is enriched for sperm proteins in two divergent species of Lepidoptera