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The Sagnac effect has been shown in inertial frames as well as rotatingframes. We solve the problem of the generalized Sagnac effect in the standardsynchronization of clocks. The speed of a light beam that traverses an opticalfiber loop is measured with respect to the proper time of the light detector,and is shown to be other than the constant c, though it appears to be c ifmeasured by the time standard-synchronized. The fiber loop, which can have anarbitrary shape, is described by an infinite number of straight lines such thatit can be handled by the general framework of Mansouri and Sexl (MS). For acomplete analysis of the Sagnac effect, the motion of the laboratory should betaken into account. The MS framework is introduced to deal with its motionrelative to a preferred reference frame. Though the one-way speed of light isother than c, its two-way speed is shown to be c with respect to the propertime. The theoretical analysis of the generalized Sagnac effect corresponds tothe experimental results, and shows the usefulness of the standardsynchronization. The introduction of the standard synchrony can makemathematical manipulation easy and can allow us to deal with relative motionsbetween inertial frames without information on their velocities relative to thepreferred frame.

Theoretical Analysis of Generalized Sagnac Effect in the Standard Synchronization