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Leaf phenology in tropical deciduous forests significantly influences water and carbon exchanges between vegetation and the atmosphere. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of hydrometeorological variables on the growing period is essential for predicting plant water use following climate change. We investigated whether leaf phenology, bud break, and leaf abscission in mature deciduous teak trees (Tectona grandis L. f.) were induced by the root zone soil moisture content. Using heat pulse velocity and photographic imagery, we compared the deciduous periods (DPs) of two teak trees under natural conditions and two underirrigated conditions. DPs ranged from 47 to 84 days under natural conditions, whereas irrigation shortened the DP by approximately 2 weeks and promoted high levels of water use for 10 months. Thus, the annual water use of irrigated trees far exceeded that of control trees. Under irrigated conditions, leaf abscission and reduced water use were accelerated when the daily mean vapo...

Impacts of irrigation on the deciduous period of teak (Tectona grandis) in a monsoonal climate