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To evaluate the diameter of jet grout columns actually formed under the ground, several methods had been developed over the past years. Nevertheless, uncertainty still exists in different methods mostly due to the variations of ground and grouting conditions. This study proposes an acoustic monitoring system capable to directly record the jet grouting sounds picked up at different distances from the jet nozzle. To correlate the actual diameter of the jet grout column with the monitored sound prints, a field test was conducted in an interlayered sandy and gravelly soil and the jet grout column was excavated for dimension measurement. The recorded sound show that the distribution of the threshold peak amplitudes at different distances can be represented by the curve of normal distribution function. In addition, the standard deviation and the mean of the normally distributed threshold peak amplitudes can be used as indicators to determine the effective diameter of the jet grout column for a specific jet grou...

Evaluation of jet grout column diameters by acoustic monitoring