Opinion Formation Dynamics with Contrarians and Zealots

Mean-field type ODE models for opinion dynamics often assume that the entire population is comprised of congregators, who are agreeable. On the other hand, a contrarian opinion dynamics ODE model assumes the population has two personality types: congregators, and contrarians, who are disagreeable. In this paper we broadly study how contrarians influence the ability of the population to form a fixed and stable opinion. In particular, we re-examine the dynamics associated with the model introduced by Tanabe and Masuda [12] by looking at how the parameters effect the formation of stable periodic solutions (whose existence implies there is no fixed consensus opinion). Afterwards, we refine and analyze the model under two new hypotheses: (a) the contrarians bow to peer pressure and change their personality type to congregators if a large enough proportion of the entire population agrees on an opinion, and (b) there are zealots associated with one of the opinions. We conclude with a brief discussion on possible extensions of this work.