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.IN 11'. survey of the treatment of 'venereal diseases in the British Army 'covering the period 1898 to 1948; it is impossible in a single article to point to more than the main therapeutic developments occurring in this half-century, commencing as it does in what are the early rears of venereology as we know it to-day, and terminating in the penicillin era. For it must be remembered that it was not until 1838 that it was generally. accepted that syphilis and . gonorrhrea were two entirely separate diseases,' and the gonococcus was first'. described 'by Neisser in 1879. And it'was only in May 1905, that Schaudinn and Hoffmann first described the Spirochreta pallidum, and one year later, . (1906) that Wassermann" Neisser and Bruch developed the test for. syphilis which now bears Wassermann~s name, and in 1909 that Ehrlich discovered, arsphenamine ("606"). In 1911 Noguchi cultiv~ted the spirochrete of syphilis in vitro, and he als? confinned the syphilitic origin of general paresis of the insane, which had hitherto been classified as a parasyphilitic disease, by demonstrating the organism in the cerebral tissues. The diagnosis and treatment of venereal diseases has always formed an important part of Army medicine-especially so in the past. Speaking of the -early part of this century, one Army venereologist went so' far as to say, "some 30 per cent of all diseases in the British Army are due to venereal com! ,plaints" (French,. 1908). The Jast fifty years has seen many advances in the treatment of venereal diseases, and also an awakening of the public' consciem:e. However, it cannot be gainsaid that the Army Medical Service has played a very important,and often pioneer, part in many of the advances which have taken place. As Colonel Lambkin stated in 1908, "syphilis is treated in the Army not only with the view.of relieving its present manifestatiol)s, but also of preventing further trouble; and bringing about a cure of the disease itself," a policy not 'universally recognized, especially at this time. , . It is proposed to consider only each of the main venereal' diseases, tracing the evolution of tre?-tment from the beginning of the period to the present year, attention being mainly confined to the diagnosis and therapeutics of early 'disease. . The administrative and prophylactic problems associated' with venereal ?iseases, and consideration of the later manifestations"are subjects on each of which an entire paper could be devoted.

The treatment of veneral diseases in the British army, 1898-1948.