English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

THE diagnosis of disturbances of retinal function is often accurate and simple. The affected structure can be inspected by the ophthalmologist, and the patient can give detailed accounts of the changes in his sensation. However, there are very few methods available for the objective investigation of retinal function. The only test which is not directly related to perception is the electroretinogram, ERG, which, in spite of its value in a few conditions, has not so far proved of very general use. The reason for this seems to be that the ERG is basically an index of the function of the retinal neurones, a less sensitive one than the patient's sensation. This paper introduces another objective test of retinal function. It is based, as is the ERG, upon the measurement of potential changes. However, it differs fundamentally from the ERG in that, while the latter records rapid alteration in retinal nervous activity, this new test is concerned with the slower changes in potential which occur as a result of alterations in the metabolism of the pigment epithelium. The abnormalities detected by this test are therefore different in nature from those which may be demonstrated by any other diagnostic procedure, and the test is of value not only because it is an addition to the techniques available to the clinical worker but also because it sheds new light upon the nature of the disease processes. The technique of the test is to measure the corneo-fundal potential by placing electrodes on the skin medial and lateral to the globe. This method is well known, and is at present widely employed to register eye movements. It has been proved of value in aviation medicine, in studies of reading, in the analysis of amblyopia, and in the differential diagnosis of nystagmus, since it is accurate, rapid, and involves no discomfort to the patient. In previous work the presence of the eye movement potential is thus merely employed as a convenient way of recording mechanical displacement of the eye. By contrast, the present test depends upon an analysis of the nature and variation of the potential itself. The technique of measuring eye movements by monitoring potential changes is usually called electro-oculography, and accordingly we have termed this new functional test the electro-oculogram, abbreviated to EOG.

NEW CLINICAL TEST OF RETINAL FUNCTION BASED UPON THE STANDING POTENTIAL OF THE EYE