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The product of the previously constructed 3D maps of stellar reddening(Gontcharov 2010) and $R_V$ variations (Gontcharov 2012) has allowed us toproduce a 3D interstellar extinction map within the nearest kiloparsec from theSun with a spatial resolution of 50 pc and an accuracy of $0.2^m$. This map iscompared with the 2D reddening map by Schlegel et al. (1998), the 3D extinctionmap at high latitudes by Jones et al. (2011), and the analytical extinctionmodels by Arenou et al. (1992) and Gontcharov (2009). In all cases, we havefound good agreement and show that there are no systematic errors in the newmap everywhere except the direction toward the Galactic center. We have foundthat the map by Schlegel et al. (1998) reaches saturation near the Galacticequator at $E_{(B-V)}>0.8^m$, has a zero-point error and systematic errorsgradually increasing with reddening, and among the analytical models those thattake into account the extinction in the Gould Belt are more accurate. Ourextinction map shows that it is determined by reddening variations at lowlatitudes and $R_V$ variations at high ones. This naturally explains thecontradictory data on the correlation or anticorrelation between reddening and$R_V$ available in the literature. There is a correlation in a thin layer nearthe Galactic equator, because both reddening and $R_V$ here increase toward theGalactic center. There is an anticorrelation outside this layer, because highervalues of $R_V$ correspond to lower reddening at high and middle latitudes.Systematic differences in sizes and other properties of the dust grains indifferent parts of the Galaxy manifest themselves in this way. The largeststructures within the nearest kiloparsec, including the Local Bubble, the GouldBelt, the Great Tunnel, the Scorpius, Perseus, Orion, and other complexes, havemanifested themselves in the constructed map.

3D Interstellar Extinction Map within the Nearest Kiloparsec