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Hyperfine structure lines of highly-charged ions may open a new window inobservations of hot rarefied astrophysical plasmas. In this paper we discussspectral lines of isotopes and ions abundant at temperatures 10^5-10^7 K,characteristic for warm-hot intergalactic medium, hot interstellar medium,starburst galaxies, their superwinds and young supernova remnants. Observationsof these lines will allow to study bulk and turbulent motions of the observedtarget and will broaden the information about the gas ionization state,chemical and isotopic composition.  The most prospective is the line of the major nitrogen isotope havingwavelength 5.65 mm (Sunyaev and Churazov 1084). Wavelength of this line iswell-suited for observation of objects at z=0.15-0.6 when it is redshifted to6.5-9 mm spectral band widely-used in ground-based radio observations, and, forexample, for z>=1.3, when the line can be observed in 1.3 cm band and at lowerfrequencies. Modern and future radio telescopes and interferometers are able toobserve the absorption by 14-N VII in the warm-hot intergalactic medium atredshifts above z=0.15 in spectra of brightest mm-band sources. Sub-millimeteremission lines of several most abundant isotopes having hyperfine splittingmight also be detected in spectra of young supernova remnants.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Astronomy Letters; v3: details  added; error fixe

Hydrogen-like nitrogen radio line from hot interstellar and warm-hot intergalactic gas