English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Lactic acid is an organic acid with a wide variety of industrial applications such as food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and textile industries. Optically pure L(+)-lactic acid is important for the production of poly;-lactic acid. The most effective way for L(+)-lactic acid syntheses is fermentation from renewable resources by microorganism. Certain types of microorganisms such as Lactobacillus sp. and Rhizopus sp. are capable to produce high concentration of lactic acid. Especially R. oryzae can produce not only high concentration hut, high purity of L(+)-lactic acid from various substrate. Previous studies in our work have proven that kitchen refuse after various pretreatments was successfully used as a substrate for lactic acid fermentation by R, oryzae KPS 106 [1]. However high amount of biomass leads to high viscosity of broth. It reduces the gas-liquid (GL) mass transfer and the homogeneity in fermentations [2]. This phciionwnon promotes R. oryzae to decrease lactic acid production. Therefore immobilization is well known technologies to solve these problems. The big and heavy rriasses of mycelium can be reduced by immobilization, while oxygen mass transfer improved. It is easier to operate the bioreactor and separate the liquid medium from the fungus mycelia for recycle. Cell immobilization by passive cell adhesion on surface is an effective method to improve the efficiency of substrate utilization and productivities. But, carrier should be achieved with minimal additional cost and non-toxic. Loofa sponge is a highly porous and strong biomatrix. made of an open network of fibrous support from dry fruit of Luffa cylindrical [3]. It has been shown to be a very economical and excellent carrier for immobilizing fungus cells [4]. Currently, many researches have been increasing interests in lactic acid production by immobilized R. oryzae as shown in Table 1. Small cells pellets were investigated for produce lactic acid in different culture condition, 42 repeated batches in shaking flask condition throughout 22 days was deiuonstrated by Yang et al. [5]. By using air-lift (Received 29 Sep.2004: accepted 16 Mar.2005)

Enhancement of Lactic Acid Produation from Kitchen Refuse by <I>Rhizopus oryzae</I> KPS 106 Immobilized on Loofa Sponge