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The Bida Basin (also known as Nupe Basin), is an oval shaped structural intracratonic sedimentary feature, elongated along northwest-southeast direction and perpendicular to the main axis of the Benue Trough (Fig. 1). The Bida basin is an area of local subsidence formed during the Campanian–Maastrichtian age, during which the South Atlantic–Tethys seaway was probably routed through the Basin (Ojo and Ajakaiye, 1976). Stratigraphic framework in this basin has been along the geographic subdivision of the basin into north and south Bida basins. In the southern Bida basin, the main stratigraphic units are Campanian – Maastrichtian Lokoja Formation (conglomerate, sandstone), Maastrichtian Patti Formation (sandstone, shale, claystone), and Agbaja Formation (ironstone). Ojo and Akande (2009) described the shale-clay member of the Patti Formation as comprising of rhythmically bedded shale, ironstone and claystones and interpreted to have been deposited largely in relatively quiet shallow marine environment. The ironstone unit of the shale-clay member of the Patti Formation is investigated in this study.

GENETIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE IRONSTONE FACIES OF THE MAASTRICHTIAN PATTI FORMATION, BIDA BASIN, NIGERIA: INSIGHTS FROM CHEMISTRY AND MINERALOGY