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Under proper conditions, one infective center was obtained for 3 x 10(8) molecules of P22 phage deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) when lysozyme-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid spheroplasts of Escherichia coli were transfected in the presence of 25 mug of protamine sulfate per ml. A 3- to 50-fold B-specific and K-specific E. coli restriction of the incoming P22 DNA was observed. When P22 DNA-infected E. coli spheroplasts were plated with infertile r(LT) (+)m(LT) (+)Salmonella typhimurium indicator, an additional 70-fold restriction was observed. In the presence of protamine sulfate, penicillin spheroplasts of S. typhimurium SB1330 could be transfected b P22 DNA with efficiencies sometimes approaching those obtained with the E. coli spheroplasts; thus, facilitation of transfection by protamine sulfate is not limited to E. coli or to lysozyme-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid spheroplasts. The application of these results to studies of transfection among other genuses and to studies of in vitro host-controlled restriction and modification for the two loci in S. typhimurium and the one locus in E. coli is discussed.

journal of virology

Transfection of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium Spheroplasts: Host-Controlled Restriction of Infective Bacteriophage P22 Deoxyribonucleic Acid