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Murine models of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) deficiency demonstrate the role of this cytokine in attenuating acute herpes simplex virus (HSV) disease; however, the effect of IFN-gamma on the establishment and maintenance of neuronal latency and viral reactivation is not known. Using the IFN-gamma knockout (GKO) model of IFN-gamma deficiency and sensitive quantitative PCR methods, we show that IFN-gamma significantly reduces the ganglion content of latent HSV-1 in BALB/c mice, which in turn delays viral time to reactivation following UV irradiation. Similar effects were not seen in the C57BL/6 strain. These results indicate that IFN-gamma significantly attenuates latent HSV infection in the mouse model of ocular infection but has no impact on the maintenance of latency or virus reactivation.

journal of virology

Gamma Interferon Impedes the Establishment of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Latent Infection but Has No Impact on Its Maintenance or Reactivation in Mice