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This study used a nested multiplex PCR method to detect three periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque collected before treatment and at 2 and 6 months posttreatment from 107 patients with severe, generalized periodontitis. The proportions of the patients who harbored these bacteria before periodontal treatment were as follows: Tannerella forsythia, 81%; Porphyromonas gingivalis, 78%; and Aggregatibacter (formerly Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, 47%. At 2 months posttreatment there was a significant reduction in the numbers of patients harboring P. gingivalis (46%; P &lt; 0.001) or T. forsythia (63%; P = 0.043) but not A. actinomycetemcomitans (50%) compared to pretreatment data. At 6 months posttreatment, significantly fewer patients harbored P. gingivalis (43%; P &lt; 0.001); A. actinomycetemcomitans, (31%; P = 0.025), or T. forsythia (63%; P = 0.030). Interestingly, at baseline and at 2 months posttherapy, subjects who harbored only a single pathogen had a greater level of periodontal disease than subjects who harbored two, or all three, of these periodontal pathogens. These data suggest that a reduction in the number of species present may be associated with an increase in the severity of periodontal diseases.

journal of clinical microbiology

Disease Severity Associated with Presence in Subgingival Plaque of <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i> , and <i>Tannerella forsythia</i> , Singly or in Combination, as Detected by Nested Multiplex PCR

Disease Severity Associated with Presence in Subgingival Plaque of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , and Tannerella forsythia , Singly or in Combination, as Detected by Nested Multiplex PCR