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Fimbriae are important virulence factors of pathogenic bacteria, facilitating their attachment to host and bacterial cells. In the periodontal pathogenPorphyromonas gingivalis , thefimA gene is classified into six types (genotypes I, Ib, II, III, IV, and V) on the basis of different nucleotide sequences, withfimA genotypes II and IV being prevalent in isolates from patients with periodontitis. The aims of this study were to examine the distribution offimA genotypes in a collection of 82P. gingivalis isolates from adult periodontitis patients of worldwide origin and to investigate the relationship between thefimA genotypes and the sequence types (STs), as determined by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), of the isolates. ThefimA gene was amplified by PCR with primer sets specific for each genotype. The STs of all strains were assigned according to the MLST database forP. gingivalis (www.pubmlst.org/pgingivalis ). The 82 strains showed extensive genetic diversity and were assigned to 69 STs. Only isolates with closely related STs harbored the samefimA genotype. Twenty-eight (34.1%) strains harboredfimA genotype II, while only the reference strain forfimA genotype V reacted with the primers specific for this genotype. Twenty-one isolates (25.6%) were positive by more than one of thefimA PCR assays; the most frequent combinations were genotypes I, Ib, and II (eight isolates) and genotypes I and II (four isolates). Sequencing of thefimA gene from selected isolates did not support the observed specificfimA genotype combinations, suggesting that the genotyping method used for the major fimbriae inP. gingivalis should be reevaluated.

fimA Genotypes and Multilocus Sequence Types of Porphyromonas gingivalis from Patients with Periodontitis