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Study of the nutritional requirements for the support of virus production by various animal cells has been greatly facilitated by the development of continuous animal cell cultures. Darnell and Eagle (1958) have shown that HeLa cell cultures are capable of supporting maximal production of poliovirus type I in a balanced salt + glucose + glutamine medium. Mouse fibroblast cell cultures latently infected with psittacosis virus were shown by Bader and Morgan (1958) (Morgan and Bader, 1957) to require the addition of glucose, water soluble vitamins, and nine amino acids for active infection to occur. A Hanks' balanced salts + cysteine medium was shown by Rappaport (1956) to support poliovirus production in primary monkey kidney cell cultures. Dubes (1956) has also shown cystine to be a requirement in the production of poliovirus by monkey kidney cells in culture. Chang (1959) has shown that Coxsackie Bi, vaccinia, and to some extent, poliovirus production are inhibited by a bicarbonate depletion in certain cell cultures. This report concerns the importance of L-Cystine in the production of Coxsackie B3 virus, vaccinia virus, and to a lesser extent, poliovirus type II in four continuous cell cultures.

NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLIOVIRUS TYPE II, COXSACKIE B3, AND VACCINIA VIRUSES BY CONTINUOUS ANIMAL CELL CULTURES