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The isolation and cultivation of the various members of the family Treponemataceae on artificial culture media have been complicated first by the need of an adequate base medium for growth, and secondly by the absolute requirement of the microorganisms for ascitic fluid, blood, plasma, serum, or serum products (Noguchi, 1912; Kast and Kolmer, 1940; Rosebury and Foley, 1942; Wichelhausen and WVichelhausen, 1942; Hampp, 1943, 1954; Little and SubbaRow, 1945; Fitzgerald and Hampp, 1952). Ascitic fluid is in most instances superior to all other materials used for this purpose, particularly for primary isolation of the spirochaetes (Hampp, 1943). Once the microorganisms are obtained in pure culture, many of the serum products may be substituted for ascitic fluid with success for maintenance of the strains. The lack of knowledge of the nature of the indispensable factors present in such complex biological materials has been a deterrent in the elucidation of the nutritional requirements of this little understood group of organisms. Little and SubbaRow (1945) have reported that serum albumin is apparently the material contained in ascitic fluid, blood, plasma, and serum which is essential for the growth of the Reiter treponeme. In addition, Whiteley and Frazier (1948), Eagle and Steinman (1948), and Oyama et al. (1953) also concluded that serum albumin is a required factor for the growth of this avirulent strain of Treponema pallidum and they attempted to elucidate its mode of action in defined media. The present report is concerned with the partial definition of the nutrition of a strain of Borrelia vincentii, designated as N9 (Hampp, 1947a, b, c; Hampp et al., 1948; Fitzgerald and Hampp, 1952), which has permitted the cultivation of this organism in an infusion medium without natural enrichment.

SUBSTITUTION OF KNOWN COMPOUNDS FOR ASCITIC FLUID IN THE CULTIVATION OFBORRELIA VINCENTII