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Studies of the radiophosphorus uptake in systems composed of T2r+ bacteriophage developing on the B strain of Escherichia coli offer one of the most direct approaches that can be made to the metabolic processes involved in the growth of this viruslike agent. Much is already known of the phosphorus content of this bacteriophage, partly from chemical and partly from radioactive analyses. Thus chemical methods have established both the amount of phosphorus and the compounds carrying it (Taylor, 1946). These analyses identify over 90 per cent of a total phosphorus content of about 4.8 per cent as desoxyribose nucleic acid. Radiophosphorus studies have shown that about 70 per cent of the phosphorus in this bacteriophage and in the T6 strain is derived from the growth medium after infection of the host bacteria (Cohen, 1948b; Putnam and Kozloff, 1948). We have been measuring details of the synthesis of nucleic acid in the E. coli T2r+ bacteriophage complex using radioactive phosphorus as a tracer. Results with E. coli alone have already been published (Labaw, Mosley, and Wyckoff, 1950a); the present paper describes similar data from bacteria that have been diseased with T2 bacteriophage. It has been found in the course of this work that additional information can be obtained when the bacteriophage is grown on E. coli strains the metabolism of which has been considerably reduced (Labaw, Mosley, and Wyckoff, 1950c). Such a reduction in metabolic activity can be accomplished by proper treatment of the bacterial culture with chemicals such as formaldehyde (Labaw, Mosley, and Wyckoff, 1949) and mustard (Herriott and Price, 1948) or with suitable doses of ultraviolet light (Anderson, 1948). For the present experiments ultraviolet irradiation was employed because it has proved especially easy to obtain high yields of bacteriophage from bacteria inactivated by this means. Electron micrographs of such irradiated bacteria demonstrate that the latter succumb to the effects of the ultraviolet exposure only after a couple of hours and that it is during this interval that they can support the growth of bacteriophage (Labaw, Mosley, and Wyckoff, 1950b).

RADIOACTIVE STUDIES OF THE PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM OF T2r + BACTERIOPHAGE WITH ESCHERICHIA COLI

RADIOACTIVE STUDIES OF THE PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM OF T2r ⁺ BACTERIOPHAGE WITH ESCHERICHIA COLI