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Although there has accumulated a certain amount of information on the chemistry of microbial proteins, very little is known as to the identity of specific amino acids found in such proteins synthesized from inorganic nitrogen or simple organic nitrogen compounds. Indeed, it is not always acknowledged that bacteria have this synthetic power. Only nine years ago, A. I. Kendall (1925) stated "In this respect plant cells differ from bacterial and animal cells in that they utilize, through the chlorophyll of their leaves, solar energy and can synthesize protein from mineralized nitrogen." (Italics not in original.) Unless one can consider bacterial protoplasm as being free of proteins, this concept of Kendall's cannot be entertained. The fact that many species of bacteria make a heavy growth in media whose only source of nitrogen is in the form of nitrates, ammoniacal salts, or elemental nitrogen is too well known to need elaboration. Vorbrodt (1919, 1921, 1926) and Heck (1929) have furnished splendid summaries of the work done and have themselves clearly shown the conditions regulating protein synthesis by molds. Much of the work on the amino acids in microbial proteins can be discounted or ignored from the point of view of synthesis of these amino acids, since the organisms were grown on peptone, beef, malt wort, or other amino acid-containing substrate, and the specific amino acids of the substrate may well have been used as "bricks," using Fischer's figure of speech, in building a new protein structure, the microbial protoplasm. Only in case the microbial cell contains amino acids formed from inorganic nitrogen

The Synthesis of Aromatic Amino Acids from Inorganic Nitrogen by Molds and the Value of Mold Proteins in Diets