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A close homologue ofmecA , the determinant of broad-spectrum β-lactam resistance inStaphylococcus aureus was recently identified as a native gene in the animal commensal speciesStaphylococcus sciuri . Introduction of themecA homologue from a methicillin-resistant strain ofS. sciuri into a susceptible strain ofS. aureus caused an increase in drug resistance and allowed continued growth and cell wall synthesis of the bacteria in the presence of high concentrations of antibiotic. We determined the muropeptide composition of theS. sciuri cell wall by using a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometric analysis, and Edman degradation. Several major differences between the cell walls ofS. aureus andS. sciuri were noted. The pentapeptide branches inS. sciuri were composed of one alanine and four glycine residues in contrast to the pentaglycine units inS. aureus . TheS. sciuri wall but not the wall ofS. aureus contained tri- and tetrapeptide units, suggesting the presence ofdd - andld -carboxypeptidase activity. Most interestingly,S. aureus carrying theS. sciuri mecA and growing in methicillin-containing medium produced a cell wall typical ofS. aureus and notS. sciuri , in spite of the fact that wall synthesis under these conditions had an absolute dependence on the heterologousS. sciuri gene product. The protein product of theS. sciuri mecA can efficiently participate in cell wall biosynthesis and build a cell wall using the cell wall precursors characteristic of theS. aureus host.

journal of bacteriology

High-Level β-Lactam Resistance and Cell Wall Synthesis Catalyzed by the mecA Homologue of Staphylococcus sciuri Introduced into Staphylococcus aureus